Abstract

Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is the immediate 6-desaturated metabolite of linoleic acid, the main dietary essential fatty acid (EFA). In a number of diseases, notably atopic eczema, pre-menstrual syndrome and cyclical mastalgia and diabetes, endogenous GLA formation is impaired. Administration of GLA has therapeutic effects in these diseases. When given in pharmacological doses GLA may give rise to a range of metabolites, such as prostaglandin E1 and 15-OH-dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, which have desirable effects on many body systems, notably on the cardiovascular system and on inflammation. GLA, already available as a nutrient and a prescription pharmaceutical in the form of evening primrose oil, has considerable therapeutic potential. The risk of adverse events is exceedingly low.